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OCR: OBJECT/RELATIONAL ARCHITECTURES Vendors are taking varied approaches to providing object/relational benefits in one database. Each has pros and cons for database administrators and programmers. Some require additional layers to be added to the model, while others require hand-coding. In newer models that incorporate object-relational technology from scratch, staff retraining is an issue. Object/Relational Data Manager Primary Benefit Business Client Multiple Direct object- Object Object Database RDB to-relational Mapping Manager Interface interoperability Customer Object Database Gateway Business Navigational Object Database performance Mapping Interface CODB RDB of object Customer database Relational Wrapper Library Hand-coded Object Database Simple database Mapping Interface RDB interface Customer Extended Relational Database Hand-coded Database Extended Object Extended SQL Mapping Interface RDB querying Customer Engine Additional layer or developer responsibility SOURCE: MODELS PROVIDED BY PERSISTENCE SOFTWARE